May 5th -- Feast of the English Martrys

ENGLAND-MARTYRS May-5-2005

Catholic, Anglican bishops honor first English martyr of Reformation

By Simon Caldwell
Catholic News Service

LONDON (CNS) -- In a show of religious unity, a Catholic bishop and an Anglican bishop commemorated the death of the first English martyr of the Protestant Reformation.

Anglican Bishop Richard Chartres of London and Catholic Auxiliary Bishop George Stack of Westminster led an ecumenical service May 4 in memory of St. John Houghton, one of 18 Carthusian monks killed by King Henry VIII in the 16th century. It was the first time the two churches celebrated the ceremony together.

The service was held on the grounds of the former London Charterhouse, the monastery where St. John served as abbot. The two bishops unveiled a commemorative stone on the site of the cloister.

Bishop Chartres, explaining why Anglicans would honor Catholic martyrs, described King Henry as a "monster of egotism" with "messianic pretensions" similar to Adolf Hitler and Josef Stalin.

"We salute the courage and discernment of those who said 'no,'" he said. "We are honoring martyrs who deserve to be remembered with thanksgiving by the whole church."

Inside the church, Bishop Stack compared St. John to the late Archbishop Oscar A. Romero of San Salvador, who was gunned down in 1980 for speaking out against human rights abuses in El Salvador.

"We who today give thanks to the witness of these Carthusian martyrs and the martyrs of every age may not be called upon to die for the faith that we profess, but there is no doubt that, whatever our Christian tradition, each of us who believe are challenged to live for that faith by Jesus Christ, the king of martyrs who gave his life as a ransom for all of us," he said.

Red roses, each representing a martyr, were then placed into a model of the "Tyburn Tree," the triangular London gallows where 105 Catholics were executed during the Reformation.

St. John was the first of four priests hanged May 4, 1535, after they were convicted of treason for refusing to take the oath of the Act of Supremacy, the law that made the king the supreme leader of the Church of England.

St. Thomas More, watching their departure from the window of his cell in the Tower of London, remarked to his daughter, Margaret, how the men went "to their deaths as cheerfully as bridegrooms to their marriage."

St. John was said to have remained conscious throughout an ordeal that involved partial hanging and disembowelment.

Two other Carthusian abbots, St. Robert Lawrence and St. Augustine Webster, and a Brigittine monk, St. Richard Reynolds, were executed in the hours that followed.

Afterward, King Henry ordered one of St John's arms to be nailed over the main entrance of the Charterhouse as a warning to others.

Within five years, six more Carthusians were executed and nine others tied to posts and starved to death in London's Marshalsea Prison.

St. John, St. Robert, St. Augustine and St. Richard were among 40 English and Welsh martyrs canonized by Pope Paul VI in 1970. May 4 is the feast of the English and Welsh martyrs.

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BLESSEDS

Under King Henry VIII

* Cardinal: John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, 22 June, 1535.
* Lord Chancellor: Sir Thomas More, 6 July, 1535.
* Carthusians: John Houghton, Robert Lawrence, Augustine Webster, 4 May, 1535; Humphrey Middlemore, William Exmew, Sebastian Newdigate, 19 June, 1535; John Rochester, James Walworth, 11 May, 1537; Thomas Johnson, William Greenwood, John Davye, Robert Salt, Walter Pierson, Thomas Green, Thomas Scryven, Thomas Redyng, Richard Bere, June-September, 1537; Robert Horne, 4 August, 1540.
* Benedictines: Richard Whiting, Hugh Farringdon, abbots, 15 November, 1539; Thomas Marshall (or John Beche), 1 December, 1539; John Thorne, Richard James, William Eynon, John Rugg, 15 Nov., 1539.
* Doctors of Divinity: Thomas Abel, Edward Powell, Richard Fetherstone, 30 July, 1540.
* Other secular priests: John Haile, 4 May 1535; John Larke, 7 March, 1544.
* Other religious orders: Richard Reynold, Brigittine (4 May, 1535); John Stone, O.S.A., 12 May, 1538; John Forrest, O.S.F., 22 May, 1538.
* Laymen and women: Adrian Fortescue, Knight of St. John, 9 July, 1539; Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, 28 May, 1541; German Gardiner, 7 March, 1544.

Under Queen Elizabeth

* Martyrs connected with the Excommunication: John Felton, 8 Aug., 1570; Thomas Plumtree p., 4 Jan., 1571; John Storey, D.C.L., 1 June, 1571; Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland, 22 Aug., 1572; Thomas Woodhouse p., 13 June, 1573.
* First martyrs from the seminaries: Cuthbert Mayne, Protomartyr of Douai College, 29 Nov., 1577; John Nelson p., and S.J. before death, 3 Feb., 1578; Thomas Nelson, church student, 7 Feb., 1578; Everard Hanse p., 31 July, 1581.
* Martyrs of the Catholic Revival: Edmund Campion, S.J., Ralph Sherwin, Protomartyr of the English College, Rome, Alexander Briant p., and S.J. before death, 1 Dec., 1581; John Payne p., 2 April, 1582; Thomas Ford p., John Shert p., Robert Johnson p., 28 May, 1582; William Filby p., Luke Kirby p., Lawrence Richardson p., Thomas Cottom p., and S.J. before death, 30 May, 1582.
* York martyrs: William Lacey p., Richard Kirkman p., 22 Aug., 1582; James Thomson p., 28 Nov., 1582; William Hart p., 15 March, 1583; Richard Thirkeld p., 29 May, 1583.

VENERABLES

Under King Henry VIII (12)

* 1537-38: Anthony Brookby, Thomas Belchiam, Thomas Cort, Franciscans, thrown into prison for preaching against the king's supremacy. Brookby was strangled with his own girdle, the others died of ill treatment.
* 1539: Friar Waire, O.S.F., and John Griffith p. (generally known as Griffith Clarke), Vicar of Wandsworth, for supporting the papal legate, Cardinal Pole, drawn and quartered, (8 July) at St. Thomas Waterings; Sir Thomas Dingley, Knight of St. John, beheaded, 10 July, with Bl. Adrian Fortescue. John Travers, Irish Augustinian, who had written against the supremacy; before execution his hand was cut off and burnt, but the writing fingers were not consumed, 30 July.
* 1540-1544: Edmund Brindholme p., of London, and Clement Philpot l., of Calais, attainted for having "adhered to the Pope of Rome", hanged and quartered at Tyburn, 4 Aug., 1540; Sir David Gonson (also Genson and Gunston), Knight of St. John, son of Vice-Admiral Gonson, attainted for "adhering" to Cardinal Pole, hanged and quartered at St. Thomas Waterings, 1 July, 1541; John Ireland p., once a chaplain to More, condemned and executed with Bl. John Larke, 1544; Thomas Ashby l., 29 March, 1544.

Under Queen Elizabeth

* 1583: John Slade l., 30 Oct., Winchester, with John Bodley l., 2 Nov., Andover.
* 1584: William Carter l., 11 Jan., Tyburn; George Haydock p., with James Fenn p., Thomas Hemerford p., John Nutter p., John Munden p., 12 Feb., Tyburn; James Bell p., with John Finch l., 20 April, Lancaster; Richard White l., 17 Oct., Wrexham.
* 1585: Thomas Alfield p., with Thomas Webley l., 6 July, Tyburn; Hugh Taylor p., with Marmaduke Bowes l., 26 Nov., York. From this time onwards almost all the priests suffered under law of 27 Elizabeth, merely for their priestly character.
* 1586: Edward Stransham p., with Nicholas Woodfen p., 21 Jan., Tyburn; Margaret Clitherow l., 25 March, York; Richard Sergeant p., with William Thompson p., 20 April, Tyburn; Robert Anderton p., with William Marsden p., 25 April, Isle of Wight; Francis Ingleby p., 3 June, York; John Finglow p., 8 Aug., York; John Sandys p., 11 Aug., Gloucester; John Adams p., with John Lowe p., 8 Oct., Tyburn, and Richard Dibdale p., 8 Oct; Tyburn; Robert Bickerdike p., 8 Oct., York; Richard Langley l., 1 Dec., York.
* 1587: Thomas Pilchard p., 21 March, Dorchester; Edmund Sykes p., 23 March, York; Robert Sutton p., 27 July, Stafford; Stephen Rowsham p., July or earlier, Gloucester; John Hambley p., about same time, Chard in Somerset; George Douglas p., 9 Sept., York; Alexander Crowe, 13 Nov., York.
* 1588: Nicholas Garlick p., with Robert Ludlum p. and Richard Sympson p., 24 July, Derby; Robert Morton p., and Hugh Moor l., in Lincoln's Inn Fields; William Gunter p., Theatre, Southwark; Thomas Holford p., Clerkenwell; William Dean p., and Henry Webley l., Mile End Green; James Claxton p.; Thomas Felton, O.S.F., Hounslow. These eight were condemned together and suffered on the same day, 28 Aug. Richard Leigh p., Edward Shelly l., Richard Martin l., Richard Flower (Floyd or Lloyd) l., John Roche l., Mrs. Margaret Ward, all condemned with the last, and all suffered 30 Aug., Tyburn. William Way p., 23 Sept., Kingston-on-Thames; Robert Wilcox p., with Edward Campion p., Christopher Buxton p., Robert Windmerpool l., 1 Oct., Canterbury; Robert Crocket p., with Edward James p., 1 Oct., Chichester; John Robertson p., 1 Oct., Ipswich; William Hartley p., Theatre, Southwark, with John Weldon (vere Hewett) p., Mile End Green, Robert Sutton l., Clerkenwell, and Richard Williams (Queen Mary priest, who was more probably executed in 1592, and his name, erroneously transferred here, seems to have pushed out that of John Symons, or Harrison), 5 Oct., Halloway; Edward Burden p., 29 Nov.,York; William Lampley l., Gloucester, day uncertain.
* 1589: John Amias p., with Robert Dalby p., 16 March, York; George Nichols p., with Richard Yaxley p., Thomas Belson l., and Humphrey Pritchard l., 5 July, Oxford; William Spenser p., with Robert Hardesty l., 24 Sept., York.
* 1590: Christopher Bayles p., Fleet Street, with Nicholas Horner l., Smithfield, and Alexander Blake, l., 4 March, Gray's Inn Lane; Miles Gerard p., with Francis Dicconson p., 30 April, Rochester; Edward Jones p., Conduit, Fleet Street, and Anthony Middleton p., 6 May, Clerkenwell; Edmund Duke p., with Richard Hill p., John Hogg p., and Richard Holliday p., 27 May, Durham.
* 1591: Robert Thorpe p., with Thomas Watkinson l., 31 May, York; Monford Scott p., with George Beesley p., 2 July, Fleet Street, London; Roger Dicconson p., with Ralph Milner l., 7 July, Winchester; William Pikes l., day not known, Dorchester; Edmund Jennings p., with Swithin Wells l., Gray's Inn Fields; Eustace White p., with Polydore Plasden p., Brian Lacey l., John Masson l., Sydney Hodgson l., all seven, 10 Dec., Tyburn.
* 1592: William Patenson p., 22 Jan., Tyburn; Thomas Pormort p., 20 Feb., St. Paul's Churchyard, London; Roger Ashton l., 23 June, Tyburn.
* 1593: Edward Waterson p., 7 Jan. (but perhaps of the next year), Newcastle-on-Tyne; James Bird l., hanged 25 March, Winchester; Joseph Lampton p., 27 July, Newcastle-on-Tyne; William Davies p., 21 July, Beaumaris.
* 1594: John Speed l., condemned for receiving a priest, 4 Feb., Durham; William Harrington p., 18 Feb., Tyburn; John Cornelius, S.J., with Thomas Bosgrave l., John Carey l., Patrick Salmon l., 4 July, Dorchester; John Boste p., Durham, with John Ingram p., Newcastle-on-Tyne, and George Swallowell, a convert minister, tried together, they suffered 24, 25, and 26 July, Darlington; Edward Osbaldeston p., 16 Nov., York.
* 1595: Robert Southwell p., S.J., 21 Feb., Tyburn; Alexander Rawlins p., with Henry Walpole p., S.J., 7 April, York; William Freeman p., 13 Aug., Warwick; Philip Howard, Earl of Arundel, 19 Oct., Tower of London.
* 1596: George Errington, gentleman, William Knight l., William Gibson l., Henry Abbott l., 29 Nov., York.
* 1597: William Andleby p., with Thomas Warcop l., Edward Fulthrop l., 4 July, York.
* 1598: John Britton l., 1 April, York; Peter Snow p., with Ralph Gromston l., 15 June, York; John Buckley O.S.F., 12 July, St. Thomas Waterings; Christopher Robertson p., 19 Aug., Carlisle; Richard Horner p., 4 Sept., York;
* 1599: John Lion, l., 16 July, Oakham; James Dowdal, l., 13 Aug., Exeter.
* 1600: Christopher Wharton p., 28 March, York; John Rigby l., 21 June, St. Thomas Waterings; Thomas Sprott p., with Thomas Hunt p., 11 July, Lincoln; Robert Nutter p., with Edward Thwing p., 26 July, Lancaster; Thomas Palasor p., with John Norton l., and John Talbot l., 9 Aug., Durham.
* 1601: John Pibush p., 18 Feb., St. Thomas Waterings; Mark Barkworth, O.S.B., with Roger Filcock, S.J., and Anne Linne, 27 Feb., Tyburn; Thurstan Hunt p., with Robert Middleton p., 31 March, Lancaster; Nicholas Tichborne l., with Thomas Hackshot l., 24 Aug., Tyburn;
* 1602: James Harrison p., with Anthony Battie or Bates l., 22 March, York; James Duckett l., 19 April, Tyburn; Thomas Tichborne p., with Robert Watkinson p., and Francis Page, S.J., 20 April, Tyburn.
* 1603: William Richardson p., 17 Feb., Tyburn.

Under James I and Charles

1604: John Sugar p., with Robert Grissold l., 16 July, Warwick; Lawrence Bailey l., 16 Sept., Lancaster; 1605: Thomas Welborne l., with John Fulthering l., 1 Aug., York; William Brown l., 5 Sept., Ripon; 1606: Martyrs at the time of the Powder Plot: Nicholas Owen, S.J., day unknown, Tower; Edward Oldcorne, S.J., with Robert Ashley, S.J., 7 April, Worcester. From this time to the end of the reign the martyrs might have saved their lives had they taken the condemned oath of allegiance. 1607: Robert Drury p., 26 Feb., Tyburn; 1608: Matthew Flathers p., 21 March, York; George Gervase, O.S.B., 11 April, Tyburn; Thomas Garnet, S.J., 23 June, Tyburn. 1610: Roger Cadwallador p., 27 Aug., Leominster; George Napper p., 9 No., Oxford; Thomas Somers p., 10 Dec., Tyburn; John Roberts, O.S.B., 10 Dec., Tyburn; 1612: William Scot, O.S.B., with Richard Newport p., 30 May, Tyburn; John Almond p., 5 Dec., Tyburn; 1616: Thomas Atkinson p., 11 March, York; John Thouless p., with Roger Wrenno l., 18 March, Lancaster; Thomas Maxfield p., 1 July, Tyburn; Thomas Tunstall p., 13 July, Norwich; 1618: William Southerne p., 30 April, Newcastle-under-Lyne. 1628: Edmund Arrowsmith, S.J., with Richard Herst l., 20 and 21 Aug., Lancaster.
Commonwealth

All these suffered before the death of Oliver Cromwell.— 1641: William Ward p., 26 July, Tyburn; Edward Barlow, O.S.B., 10 Sept., Lancaster; 1642: Thomas Reynolds p., with Bartholomew Roe, O.S.B., 21 January, Tyburn; John Lockwood p., with Edmund Catherick p., 13 April, York; Edward Morgan p., 26 April, Tyburn; Hugh Green p., 19 Aug., Dorchester; Thomas Bullaker, O.S.F., 12 Oct., Tyburn; Thomas Holland, S.J., 12 Dec., Tyburn. 1643: Henry Heath, O.S.F., 17 April, Tyburn; Brian Cansfield, S.J., 3 Aug., York Castle; Arthur Bell, O.S.V., 11 Dec., Tyburn; 1644: Richard Price, colonel, 7 May, Lincoln; John Duckett p., with Ralph Corbin, S.J., 7 Sept., Tyburn; 1645: Henry Morse, S.J., 1 Feb., Tyburn; John Goodman p., 8 April, Newgate; 1646: Philip Powell, O.S.B., 30 June, Tyburn; John Woodcock, O.S.F., with Edward Bamber p., and Thomas Whitaker p., 7 Aug., Lancaster. 1651: Peter Wright, S.J., 19 May, Tyburn. 1654: John Southworth p., 28 June, Tyburn.

THE OATES PLOT

1678: Edward Coleman l., 3 Dec., Tyburn; Edward Mico, S.J., 3 Dec., in Newgate; Thomas Beddingfeld, 21 Dec., in Gatehouse Prison; 1679: William Ireland, S.J., with John Grove l., 24 Jan, Tyburn; Thomas Pickering O.S.B. 9, May, Tyburn; Thomas Whitbread S.J., with William Harcourt, S.J., John Fenwick, S.J., John Gavin or Green S.J., and Anthony Turner, S.J., 20 June, Tyburn; Francis Nevil, S.J., Feb., in Stafford Gaol; Richard Langhorne l., 14 July, Tyburn; William Plessington p., 19 July, Chester; Philip Evans, S.J., 22 July, with John Lloyd p., 22 July, Cardiff; Nicholas Postgate p., 7 Aug., York; Charles Mahoney, O.S.V., 12 Aug., Ruthin; John Wall, O.S.F., 29 Aug., Worcester; Francis Levinson, O.S.F., 11 Feb., in prison; John Kemble p., 22 Aug., Hereford; David Lewis, S.J., 27 Aug., Usk. 1680: Thomas Thwing p., 23 Oct., York; William Howard, Viscount Stafford, 29 Dec., Tower Hill. The cause of Irish martyr Oliver Plunkett, 1 July, Tower hill, was commenced with the above martyrs. The cause of his beatification is now being actively proceeded with by the Cardinal Archbishop of Armagh.

The forty-four dilati

These, as has been explained above, are those "put off" for further proof. Of these, the majority were confessors, who perished after a comparatively short period of imprisonment, though definite proof of their death ex oerumnis is not forthcoming.
Under Queen Elizabeth (18)

Robert Dimock, hereditary champion of England, was arrested at Mass, and perished after a few weeks' imprisonment at Lincoln, 11 Sept., 1580; John Cooper, a young man, brought up by the writer, Dr. Nicholas Harpsfield, and probably a distributor of Catholic books, arrested at Dover and sent to the Tower, died of "hunger, cold, and stench", 1580; Mr. Ailworth (Aylword), probably of Passage Castle, Waterford, who admitted Catholics to Mass at his house, was arrested, and died after eight days, 1580; William Chaplain p., Thomas Cotesmore p., Roger Holmes p., Roger Wakeman p., James Lomax p., perished in 1584. Cotesmore was a bachelor of Oxford in 1586; of Wakeman's suffering several harrowing details are on record. Thomas Crowther p., Edward Pole p., John Jetter p., and Laurence Vaux p., perished in 1585; John Harrison p., 1586; Martin Sherson p., and Gabriel Thimelby p., 1587; Thomas Metham S.J., 1592; Eleanor Hunt and Mrs. Wells, gentlewomen, on unknown days in 1600 and 1602.

Under the Commonwealth (8)

Edward Wilkes p., died in York Castle before execution in 1642; Boniface Kempe (or Francis Kipton) and Idlephonse Hesketh (or William Hanson) O.S.B., professed of Montserrat, seized by Puritan soldiery in Yorkshire, and worried to death, 26 July (?), 1644; Richard Bradley S.J., b. at Bryning Hall, Lancs., 1605, of a well-known Catholic family, seized, imprisoned, but died before trial at Manchester, 20 Jan, 1640; John Felton, S.J., visiting another Father in Lincoln, was seized and so badly used that, when released (for no one appeared against him) he died within a month, 17 Feb., 1645; Thomas Vaughan of Cortfield p., and Thomas Blount p., imprisoned at Shrewsbury, d. at unknown date; Robert Cox, O.S.B., died at the Clink Prison, 1650.
During the Oates Plot (10)

Thomas Jennison S.J., d. after twelve months' imprisonment, 27 Sept., 1679. he had renounced a handsome inheritance in favour of his brother, who, nevertheless, having apostatized, turned king's evidence against him. William Lloyd, d. under sentence of death, Brecknock, 1679. Placid Aldham or John Adland (O.S.B.), a convert clergyman, chaplain to Queen Catherine of Braganza, d. under sentence in 1679. William Atkins, S.J., condemned at Stafford, was too deaf to hear the sentence. When it was shouted in his ear he turned and thanked the judge; he was reprieved and died in bonds, 7 March, 1681. Richard Birkett p., d. 1680 under sentence in Lancaster Castle; but ourmartyrologists seem to have made some confusion between him and John Penketh, S.J., a fellow prisoner (see Gillow, Cath. Rec. Soc., IV, pp. 431-440). Richard Lacey (Prince), S.J., Newgate, 11 March, 1680; William Allison p., York Castle, 1681; Edward Turner, S.J., 19 March, 1681, Gatehouse; Benedict Counstable, O.S.B., professed at Lamspring, 1669, 11 Dec., 1683, Durham Gaol; William Bennet (Bentney), S.J., 30 Oct., 1692, Leicester Gaol under William III.
Others put off for various causes (8)

John Mawson, 1614, is not yet sufficiently distinguished from John Mason, 1591; there is a similar difficulty between Matthias Harrison, assigned to 1599, and James Harrison, 1602; William Tyrrwhit, named by error for his brother Robert; likewise the identity of Thomas Dyer, O.S.B., has been been fully proved; James Atkinson, killed under torture by Topcliffe, but evidence is wanted of his consistency to the end. Fr. Henry Garnet, S.J., was he killed ex odio fidei, or was he believed to be guilty of the Powder Plot, by merely human misjudgment, not through religious prejudice? The case of Lawrence Hill and Robert Green at the time of the Oates Plot is similar. Was it due to odium fidei, or an unprejudiced error?
The prætermissi (242)
Martyrs on the scaffold

1534: Elizabeth Barton (The Holy Maid of Kent), with five companions: John Dering, O.S.B., Edward Bocking, O.S.B., Hugh Rich, O.S.F., Richard Masters p., Henry Gold p., 1537. Monks, 28.

After the pilgrimage of grace and the rising of Lincolnshire many, probably several hundred, were executed, of whom no record remains. The following names, which do survive, are grouped under their respective abbeys or priories.

* Barlings: Matthew Mackerel, abbot and Bishop of Chalcedon, Ord. Præm.
* Bardney: John Tenent, William Cole, John Francis, William Cowper, Richard Laynton, Hugh Londale, monks.
* Bridlington: William Wood, Prior.
* Fountains: William Thyrsk, O. Cist.
* Guisborough: James Cockerel, Prior.
* Jervaulx: Adam Sedbar, Abbot; George Asleby, monk.
* Kirkstead: Richard Harrison, Abbot; Richard Wade, William Swale, Henry Jenkinson, monks.
* Lenten: Nicholas Heath, Prior; William Gylham, monk.
* Sawlet: William Trafford, Abbot; Richard Eastgate, monk.
* Whalley: John Paslew, Abbot; John Eastgate, William Haydock, monks.
* Woburn: Robert Hobbes, Abbot; Ralph Barnes, sub-prior; Laurence Blonham, monk.
* York: John Pickering, O.S.D., Prior.
* Place unknown: George ab Alba Rose, O.S.A.
* Priests: William Burraby, Thomas Kendale, John Henmarsh, James Mallet, John Pickering, Thomas Redforth.
* Lords: Darcy and Hussey.
* Knights: Francis Bigod, Stephen Hammerton, Thomas Percy.
* Laymen (11): Robert Aske, Robert Constable, Bernard Fletcher, George Hudswell, Robert Lecche, Roger Neeve, George Lomley, Thomas Moyne, Robert Sotheby, Nicholas Tempest, Philip Trotter.

1538 (7): Henry Courtney, the Marquess of Exeter; Henry Pole, Lord Montague; Sir Edward Nevell and Sir Nicholas Carew; George Croft p., and John Collins p.; Hugh Holland l. Their cause was "adhering to the Pope, and his Legate, Cardinal Pole". 1540 (6): Lawrence Cook O. Carm., Prior of Doncaster; Thomas Empson, O.S.B.; Robert Bird p.; William Peterson p.; William Richardson p.; Giles Heron l. 1544 (3): Martin de Courdres, O.S.A., and Paul of St. William, O.S.A.; Darby Genning l. 1569, 1570 (8): Thomas Bishop, Simon Digby, John Fulthrope, John Hall, Christopher Norton, Thomas Norton, Robert Pennyman, Oswald Wilkinson,laymen, who suffered, like Blessed Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland, on the occasion of the Northern Rising. Various Years (6): Thomas Gabyt, O. Cist., 1575; William Hambleton p., 1585; Roger Martin p., 1592; Christopher Dixon, O.S.A., 1616; James Laburne, 1583; Edward Arden, 1584.

Martyrs in chains

Bishops (2): Richard Creagh, Archbishop of Armagh, in Tower of London; Thomas Watson, Bishop of Lincoln, in Wisbeach Castle.

Priests in London Prisons (18): Austin Abbott, Richard Adams, Thomas Belser, John Boxall, D.D., James Brushford, Edmund Cannon, William Chedsey, D.D., Henry Cole, D.D., Anthony Draycott, D.D., Andrew Fryer, -- Gretus, Richard Hatton, Nicholas Harpsfield, -- Harrison, Francis Quashet, Thomas Slythurst, William Wood, John Young, D.D.

Laymen in London Prisons (35): Alexander Bales, Richard Bolbet, Sandra Cubley, Thomas Cosen, Mrs. Cosen, Hugh Dutton, Edward Ellis, Gabriel Empringham, John Fitzherbert, Sir Thomas Fitzherbert, John Fryer, Anthony Fugatio (Portuguese), -- Glynne, David Gwynne, John Hammond (alias Jackson). Richard Hart, Robert Holland, John Lander, Anne Lander, Peter Lawson, Widow Lingon, Phillipe Lowe, -- May, John Molineaux, Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, Richard Reynolds, Edmund Sexton, Robert Shelly, Thomas Sommerset, Francis Spencer, John Thomas, Peter Tichborne, William Travers, Sir Edward Waldegrave, Richard Weston.

Priests in York (12): John Ackridge, William Baldwin, William Bannersly, Thomas Bedal, Richard Bowes, Henry Comberford, James Gerard, Nicholas Grene, Thomas Harwood, John Pearson, Thomas Ridall, James Swarbrick.

Laymen in York (31): Anthony Ash, Thomas Blinkensop, Stephen Branton, Lucy Budge, John Chalmer, Isabel Chalmer, John Constable, Ralph Cowling, John Eldersha, Isabel Foster, -- Foster, Agnes Fuister, Thomas Horsley, Stephen Hemsworth, Mary Hutton, Agnes Johnson, Thomas Layne, Thomas Luke, Alice Oldcorne, -- Reynold, -- Robinson, John Stable, Mrs. Margaret Stable, Geoffrey Stephenson, Thomas Vavasour, Mrs. Dorothy Vavasour, Margaret Webster, Frances Webster, Christopher Watson, Hercules Welborn, Alice Williamson.

In Various Prisons: Benedictines (11): James Brown, Richard Coppinger, Robert Edmonds, John Feckinham, Lawrence Mabbs, William Middleton, Placid Peto, Thomas Preston, Boniface Wilford, Thomas Rede, Sister Isabel Whitehead. Brigittine: Thomas Brownel (lay brother). Cistercians (2): John Almond, Thomas Mudde. Dominican: David Joseph Kemys. Franciscans: Thomas Ackridge, Paul Atkinson (the last of the confessors in chains, died in Hurst Castle, after thirty years' imprisonment, 15 Oct., 1729), Laurence Collier, Walter Coleman, Germane Holmes. Jesuits (12): Matthew Brazier (alias Grimes), Humphrey Browne, Thomas Foster, William Harcourt, John Hudd, Cuthbert Prescott, Ignatius Price, Charles Pritchard, Francis Simeon, Nicholas Tempest, John Thompson, Charles Thursley.Priests (4): William Baldwin, James Gerard, John Pearson, James Swarbick. Laymen (22): Thurstam Arrowsmith, Humphrey Beresford, William Bredstock, James Clayton, William Deeg, Ursula Foster, -- Green, William Griffith, William Heath, Richard Hocknell, John Jessop, Richard Kitchin, William Knowles, Thomas Lynch, William Maxfield, -- Morecock, Alice Paulin, Edmund Rookwood, Richard Spencer, -- Tremaine, Edmund Vyse, Jane Vyse.
The eleven bishops

Since the process of the Prætermissi has been held, strong reasons have been shown for including on our list of sufferers, whose causes ought to be considered, the eleven bishops whom Queen Elizabeth deprived and left to die in prison, as Bonner, or under some form of confinement. Their names are: Cuthbert Turnstall, b. Durham, died 18 Nov. 1559; Ralph Bayle b. Lichfield, d. 18 Nov., 1559; Owen Ogle Thorpe, b. Carlisle, d. 31 Dec., 1559; John White, b. Winchester, d. 12 Jan., 1560; Richard Pate, b. Worcester, d. 23 Nov., 1565; David Poole, b. Peterborough, d. May, 1568; Edward Bonner, b. London, d. 5 Sept., 1569; Gilbert Bourne, b. Bath and Wells, d. 10 Sept., 1569; Thomas Thurlby, b. Ely, d. 26 Aug., 1570; James Thurberville, b. Exeter, d. 1 Nov., 1570; Nicholas Heath, Archbishop of York, d. Dec. 1578.

(For further information on individuals and more, see http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05474a.htm

To see an interesting painting of the English Martrys, please see: http://romanmiscellany.blogspot.com/2007/08/unusual-image-of-english-martyrs.html

History of the Knights of Columbus Mexican Martyrs

Above pictures are of:
Padre José T. Rangel Montaño, Padre Andrés Solá Molist Two More Knights Beatified
and Portrait of the Mexican Martyrs at the Knights of Columbus Museum in New Haven.


The 1920s brought a revolution to Mexico, along with the widespread persecution of Catholics.

Missionaries were expelled from the country, Catholic seminaries and schools were closed, and the Church was forbidden to own property. Priests and laymen were told to denounce Jesus and their faith in public; if they refused, they faced not just punishment but torture and death.

During this time of oppression and cruelty, the Knights of Columbus did not retreat in Mexico but grew dramatically, from 400 members in 1918 to 43 councils and 6,000 members just five years later. In the United States at the time, the Knights handed out five million pamphlets that described the brutality of the Mexican government toward Catholics. As a result, the Mexican government greatly feared and eventually outlawed the Order.

Thousands of men, many of whom were Knights, would not bow to these threats or renounce their faith, and they often paid with their lives. They took a stand when that was the most difficult thing they could do, and their courage and devotion have echoed down through the decades.

Here are some of the stories of the Knights of Columbus who joined the ranks of the Mexican Martyrs and were among the 25 victims of religious persecution canonized in 2000 by Pope John Paul II.

Father Miguel de la Mora de la Mora

Father Miguel de la Mora de la Mora of Colima belonged to Council 2140. Along with several other priests, he publicly signed a letter opposing the anti-religious laws imposed by the government. He was soon arrested and, with his brother Regino looking on, Father de la Mora was executed without a trial by a single shot from a military officer as he prayed his rosary. It was Aug. 7, 1927.



Father Pedro de Jesus Maldonado Lucero

Father Pedro de Jesus Maldonado Lucero was a member of Council 2419. Forced to study for the priesthood in El Paso, Texas, because of the political situation in Mexico, he returned home after his ordination in 1918 despite the risk. Captured on Ash Wednesday, 1937, while distributing ashes to the faithful, Father Maldonado Lucero was so savagely beaten that one eye was forced from its socket. He died the next day at a local hospital. His tombstone aptly described this martyr in four words: "You are a priest."
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Father Jose Maria Robles Hurtado

Father Jose Maria Robles Hurtado was a member of Council 1979. Ordained in 1913, he founded the Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Guadalajara when he was only 25. On June 25, 1927, he was arrested while preparing to celebrate Mass. Early the next morning, he was hanged from an oak tree, but not before he had forgiven his murderers and offered a prayer for his parish. He went so far as to place the rope around his own neck, so that none of his captors would hold the title of murderer.
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Father Rodrigo Aguilar Alemán

Father Rodrigo Aguilar Alemán of Union de Tula in Jalisco was a member of Council 2330. After a warrant was issued for is arrest, he took refuge a the Colegio de San Ignacio in Ejutla, celebrating Mass and administering the sacraments. Rather than escape when soldiers arrived, Father Aguilar Alemán remained at the seminary to burn the list of seminary students, and thus protect them from being known. When the soldiers demanded his identity, he told them only that he was a priest. He was taken to the main square of Ejutla, where the seminary was located. He publicly forgave his killers, and then a soldier gave him the chance to save himself by giving the "right" answer to this question, "Who lives?"

Father Aguilar Alemán would be spared if he simply said, "Long live the supreme government."

But he replied, "Christ the King and Our Lady of Guadalupe." The noose that had been secured to a mango tree was tightened, then relaxed twice. Each time it was relaxed, he was asked the same question and each time he gave the same response. The third time the noose was tightened, he died.
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Father Luis Batiz Sainz

Father Luis Batiz Sainz was born in 1870, and was a member of Council 2367. On Aug. 15, 1926, at Chalchihuites, Zacatecas, he and three layman -- David Roldan, who was only 19 at the time, Salvador Lara and Manuel Morales -- were put before a firing squad for refusing to submit to anti-religious laws. When Father Batiz Sainz asked the soldiers to free one of the captives, Manuel Morales, who had sons and daughters, Morales wouldn't hear of it.

"I am dying for God," he declared, "and God will care for my children." Smiling, Father Batiz Sainz gave his friend absolution and said: "See you in heaven."
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Father Mateo Correa Magallanes

Father Mateo Correa Magallanes, who was a member of Council 2140, was arrested and taken to Durango. While in prison, he was ordered by the commanding officer on Feb. 5, 1927, to hear the confessions of his fellow prisoners. Then the commander demanded to know what they had told him. Of course, Father Correa Magallanes wouldn't violate the seal of confession, and so, the next day, he was taken to a local cemetery and executed by the soldiers.
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Two More Knights Beatified

Padre José T. Rangel Montaño Padre Andrés Solá Molist

In 2005, two other Knights, also Mexican Martyrs, were beatified.

Father Jose Trinidad Rangel Montaño, a diocesan priest from Leon and member of Council 2484, and Claretian Father Andres Sola Molist, a Spaniard, and member of Council 1963. Both were executed for their faith in Rancho de San Joaquin, Mexico, in April 1927.

These men, and many thousands more, paid the ultimate sacrifice for their Catholic faith in Mexico during the 1920s and 1930s. But throughout that period, the Knights of Columbus in Mexico kept the faith and hundreds gave their lives to protect their beliefs, some as martyrs and others in the armed Cristero movement.

Always an advocate of peaceful struggle against the government, Pius XI singled out the Knights of Columbus for praise in his 1926 encyclical Iniquis Afflictisque, writing: “First of all we mention the Knights of Columbus, an organization which is found in all states of the [Mexican] Republic and fortunately is made up of active and industrious members who, because of their practical lives and open profession of the Faith, as well as by their zeal in assisting the Church, have brought great honor upon themselves.”

Mexican Knights, and the entire Church in Mexico, were consistently supported by the Knights in the United States who, in addition to distributing literature that informed the American people of the plight of the Church in Mexico, also lobbied President Calvin Coolidge to bring pressure to end the persecution.

In 1926, Coolidge met with a delegation of Knights including Supreme Knight James Flaherty, future Supreme Knight Luke Hart and Supreme Director William Prout. Coolidge affirmed his administration’s commitment to bringing about a resolution to the problems in Mexico.

Though the Knights had been outlawed in Mexico – even the Order’s Columbia magazine was temporarily banned – the Knights of Columbus survived. In 2005, at the centennial convention in Mexico City, Supreme Knight Carl Anderson declared that Mexican Knights are “second to none” in their commitment to “our founding ideals and their devotion to the Catholic faith.”

http://www.kofc.org/un/eb/en/news/releases/detail/27808.html

300+ Jesuit Martyrs of the 20th Century

More than 300 Jesuits died during the 20th century for love of God and their fellow human bings. Some of them were murdered; others died as a result of maltreatment; others were simply made to "disappear" by terrorist regimes who regularly hide their victims. All of them form part of our martyrology for the twentieth century.

The Second Vatican Council declared that the excellence of martyrdom was rooted in the degree of identificaton with Jesus Christ which motiviated a person to give his life for others.

At the end of the millennium Pope John Paul II commissioned a Martyrology for the 20th century, so that we might not forget the witness of love of God and neighbor which so many men and women of our time have given with their lives and with their deaths.

+++ +++ +++

Victims of racial and xenophobic hatred

Murdered during the Boxers' Revolution in China Bl Fr Modeste Andlauer (1847-1900) 19-6-1900: Ouy Bl Fr Remi Isoré (1852-1900) 19-6-1900: Ouy Bl Fr Paul Denn (1847-1901) 20-7-1901: Tchou-Kia-Ho Bl Fr Léon Ignace Mangin (1857-1901) 20-7-1901: Tchou-Kia-Ho Armenia Fr Pierre Aghadjanian (1875-1916) 6-9-1916 Fr Jean Balian (1867-1915) ?-?-1915

Victims of anti-religious persecutions

Mexico Bl Fr Miguel Agustín Pro (1891-1927) 23-11-1927 (The following are currently being considered for beatification) China Fr Tomás Esteban (1879-1933?) ?-?-1933?-: China Fr Ismael Avito Gutiérrez Lucio (1895-1932) 18-5-1932: China Fr Dositeo López Pardo (1899-1934) ?-11-1934: China Fr Joseph Sontag (1899-1938) 8-4-1938: China Mr Andrés Fong (1908-1942) 25-1-1942: China Fr Joseph He (?-1-41?) 22-11-1941? : China Fr Chrétien Homo (1910-1946?) ?-?-1946? : China Fr Ricardo Ponsol (1879-1940) 18-10-1940: China Spain Fr José María Alegre Jiménez (1865-1936) 10-11-1936: Madrid Fr Bartolomeo Arbona Estades (1862-1936) 29-11-1936: Barcelona Br Juan Bautista Arconada Pérez (1890-1934) 7-10-1934: Oviedo Fr Ramón Artigues Sirvent (1902-1936) 20-7-1936: Lérida Fr Francisco Audí Cid (1872-1936) 3-11-1936: Tortosa Fr Jesús Ballesta Tejero (1903-1936) 8-8-1936: Madrid Fr Narciso Basté Basté (1866-1936) 15-10-1936: Valencia Fr Luis Boguñá Porta (1893-1936) 14-8-1936: Gerona Fr Pablo Bori Puig (1864-1936) 29-9-1936: Valencia Fr Constantino Carbonell Sempere (1866-1936) 23-8-1936: Gandía Fr Andrés Carrió Bertrán (1876-1936) 26-8-1936: Alicante Fr Manuel De La Cerda y De Las Bárcenas (1900-1936) 4-12-1936: Madrid Fr Olegario Corral García (1871-1936) 28-12-1936: Santander Fr Fé1ix Cots Oliveras (1895-1936) 21-7-1936: Barcelona Br José Ignacio Elduayen Larrañaga (1884-1936) 7-8-1936: Madrid Fr Juan Bautista Ferreres Boluda (1861-1936) 29-12-1936: Valencia Br Pedro Gelabert Amer (1887-1936) 23-8-1936: Gandía Fr Juan Gómez Hellín (1899-1936) 2-10-1936: Madrid Fr Manuel González Hernández (1889-1936) 8-9-1936: Ciudad Real Br Ramón Grimaltos Monllor (1861-1936) 23-8-1936: Gandia Fr Darío Hernández Morató (1880-1936) 29-9-1936: Valencia Br Domingo Ibarlucea Iregui (1906-1936) 8-9-1936: Ciudad Real Br Felipe Iriondo Amundaráin (1869-1936) 21-7-1936: Barcelona Br Lorenzo Isla Sanz (1865-1936) 25-7-1936: Tarragona Fr Manuel Luque Fontanilla (1856-1936) 29-8-1936: Almería Br José Llatje Blanc (1893-1936) 5-9-1936: Tortosa Br Constantino March Batlles (1877-1937) 16-3-1937: Barcelona Fr Emilio Martínez Martínez (1893-1934) 7-10-1934: Oviedo Fr Braulio Martínez Simón (1852-1936) 25-7-1936: Tarragona Fr Marcial Mayorga Paredes (1902-1936) 15-10-1936: Santander Fr Miguel Mendoza Reig (1889-1936) 1-9-1936: Barcelona Fr José Muñoz Albiol (1904-1936) 15-10-1936: Barcelona Fr Jaime Noguera Baró (1901-1937) 14-2-1937: Barcelona Fr Alfonso Payán Pérez (1877-1936) 30-8-1936: Almería Fr Manuel Peypoch Sala (1870-1936) 29-7-1936: Manresa Fr José Romá Carreres (1895-1936) 21-7-1936: Barcelona Fr Juan Rovira Oriandis (1877-1936) 3-11-1936: Tortosa Br Pascual Ruiz Ramírez (1901-1936) 7-8-1936: Madrid Br Vicente Sales Genovés (1888-1936) 29-9-1936: Valencia Br José Sampol Escalas (1899-1936) 27-8-1936: Barcelona Fr José SAnchez Oliva (1891-1936) 9-9-1936: Ciudad Real Br Antonio Sanchiz Martínez (1906-1936) 9-9-1936: Ciudad Real Fr Martín Santaella Gutiérrez (1873-1936) 26-8-1936: Almería Fr Alfredo Simón Colomina (1877-1936) 29-11-1936: Valencia Fr Tomás Sioar Fortiá (1866-1936) 19-8-1936: Gandía Br José Tarrats Comaposada (1876-1936) 28-9-1936: Valencia Fr Francisco Javier Tena Colom (1863-1936) 26-8-1936: Barcelona Fr Ricardo Tena Montero De Espinosa (1877- 1936) 8-9-1936: Azuaga Fr Joaquín María Valentí De Marti (1884- 1936) 14-8-1936: Gerona Fr Ignacio de Velasco Nieto (1890-1936) 24-9-1936: Madrid Fr José Vergés De Trias (1898-1936) 14-8-1936: Gerona Fr Demetrio Zurbitu Recalde (1886-1936) 20-10-1936: Barcelona (The following are not currently being considered for beatification) Br Catarino Abril Marín (1881-1936) 23-8-1936: Valencia Fr Ismael Accensi Cid (1894-1936) 3-8-1936: Tortosa Br Diego Aguilera (1912-1938) 29-3-1938: Córdoba Br Juan Bautista Andrada Salvador (1898-1936) 25-10-1936: Valencia Fr José del Arco (1889-1936) 27-12-1936: Santander Br José Manuel Arín Dorronsoro (1887-1936) 26-11-1936: Madrid Fr Angel Armiñana Silvestre (1902-1936) 3-10-1936: Alicante Fr Leopoldo Barba Caballero (1870-1936) 18-9-1936: Málaga Fr Juan ● Fr Beamonte García (1895-1936) 7-8-1936: Valencia Fr Manuel Berdún (1879-1937) 15-3-1937: Barcelona Fr Paulino Bertrán Sempere (1874-1936) 10-8-1936: Manresa Br Tomás Boix Almiñana (1866-1936) 24-8-1936: Barcelona Fr Baldomero Bonilla Fernández (1865-1936) 15-10-1936: Murcia Fr Ignacio Casanovas Camprubí (1865-1936) 21-8-1936: Barcelona Br Ramón Codina Alier (1869-1936) 25-7-1936: Barcelona Br José Conti Sala (1865-1936) 9-8-1936: Valencia Br Manuel Darder Palahi (1862-1936) 15-10-1936: Valencia Br Agustín Díaz y Zapata (1869-1936) 27-7-1936: Toledo Br José Fabregat Verdú (1893-1936) 8-9-1936: Valencia Fr Agustín Fernández Hernández (1904-1936) 14-8-1936: Gijón Fr Manuel Fernández Díaz-Masa (1904-1936) 30-11-1936: Madrid Fr José F. Ferragut Sbert (1889-1936) 21-9-1936: Barcelona Br Vicente Fonfría Geri (1891-1936) 29-10-1936: Valencia Br Tomás Frasno Peñarrocha (1866-1936) 29-7-1936: Barcelona Fr Narciso Fuentes Ruiz-Delgado (1875- 1936) 12-8-1936: Valencia Br José Gabarrón Pérez (1868-1936) 13-10-1936: Málaga Br José García Molina (1911-1936) 14-8-1936: Málaga Fr Zacarías García Villada (1879-1936) 1-10-1936: Madrid Fr Nemesio Gonzalez Alonso (1866-1936) 14-8-1936: Gijdn Fr Luis Gordillo Díaz (1898-1936) 23-7-1936: Málaga Fr Vicente Guimerá Roca (1869-1936) 30-9-1936: Valencia Fr Joaquín Hernández López (1881-1936) 7-8-1936: Madrid Br Antonio Jiménez Blázquez (1885-1936) 13-10-1936: Málaga Fr José Juan Martínez (1867-1936) 26-9-1936: Valencia Fr Martín Juste García (1863-1936) 27-7-1936: Toledo Fr Florentino Laria Sampedro (1866-1936) 5-11-1936: Madrid Fr Manuel de Larragan Alfaro (1884-1936) 15-10-1936: Madrid Fr Manuel Mañes Bosch (1887-1936) 25-7-1936: Barcelona Fr Juan Martínez García (1902-1936) 19-9-1936: Madrid Fr Jesús Martínez Hernández (1903-1936) 7-11-1936: Madrid Fr Valentino Mayordomo González (1878- 1937) 18-3-1937: Santander Br José Mendizdbal Tolosa (1881-1937) 18-5-1937: Santander Br Angel Mercader Vatero (1889-1936) 14-8-1936: Valencia Fr Pedro Miró De Mesa (1901-1936) 20-11-1936: Barcelona Fr Ramón Molina (1904-1938) 19-3-1938 Andorra Br Carlos Moncho Montaner (1868-1936) 3-9-1936: Tortosa Fr Jesús Montero Carrión (1887-1936) 10-8-1936: Madrid Fr Inocencio Muñoz Aguilera (1895-1936) 14-8-1936: Málaga Br Joaquín Noguera Martínez (1873-1936) 22-8-1936: Madrid Mr José Oortiz Calvo (1911-1936) 8-11-1936: Madrid Fr José Palacio Molina (1865-1936) 19-8-1936: Alcalahí Br Félix Palacios (1877-1936) 27-7-1936: Toledo Fr Miguel Pardo De Donlebún (1881-1936) 9-8-1936: Barcelona Fr Luis Perera Canogia (1865-1936) 4-10-1936: Valencia Fr José Pedromingo Cotayna (1904-1936) 6-12-1936: Guadalajara Br José Rallo Pascual (1863-1936) 24-8-1936: Barcelona Fr José Rodríguez De La Torre (1877-1936) 5-10-1936: Málaga Mr Gregorio Ruiz Rodríguez (1911-1936) 5-9-1936: Santander Fr José Ruiz Goyo (1897-1936) 5-9-1936: Santander Fr José Ruiz Pimentel (1887-1936) 15-10-1936: Málaga Mr Nicolás Serrano Fernández (1910-1936) 5-9-1936: Santander Br José Serres Borrás (1890-1936) 17-9-1936: Barcelona Br José Simón Cascales (1873-19:36) 14-8-1936: Valencia Fr Pedro Trullás Claramunt (1867-1936) 25-7-1936: Barcelona Br José María Valiente Trigueros (1894-1936) 8-11-1936: Madrid Fr Ramón Vendrell Vives (1865-1936) 7-8-1936: Tarragona Br Ignacio Vila March (1858-1936) 26-9-1936: Barcelona Fr José María Vives Castellet (1882-1936) 3-10-1936: Tarragona Br Francisco Vives Masses (1898-1936) 15-9-1936: Barcelona Fr José Antonio Yáñez González (1870-1936) 14-8-1936: Gijón Fr Gerhard Aben (1901-1945) 1-11-1945: Indonesia Fr Gerhard Minderop (1885-1945) 1-11-1945: Indonesia Fr Johannes Schouten (1894-1945) 1-11-1945: Indonesia Fr Joseph Versteegh (1898-1945) 1-11-1945: Indonesia Fr Ludwig Weve (1888-1945) 1-11-1945: Indonesia Mr Norbertus Dirdjawewita (1915-1945) 1-11-1945: Indonesia Mr Willibrordus Mooi-Wilten (1915-1945) 1-11-1945: Indonesia Br Dominicus Widijasoepadma (1914-1945) 1-11-1945: Indonesia Mr Herman Bouwens (1920-1948) 20-12-1948 1-11-1945: Indonesia

Victims of Nazism and their allies

Fr Alfred Delp (1907-1945) 2-2-1945 Fr Alois Grimm (1886-1944) 11-9-1944 Fr Johann Schwingshackl (1887-1945) 28-2-1945 Fr Johann Steinmayr (1890-1944) 18-9-1944: Brandeburg Mr Robert Albrecht (1907-1942) 17-9-1942 Mr Antonin Malimánek (1916-1945) 13-3-1945 Fr Frantisek Ulk (1904-1945) 10-3-1945 Mr Thomas Munk (1924-1945) 23-4-1945 Fr Alojzij Zuzek (1865-1941) 15-5-1941 Fr Victor Dillard (1897-1945) 12-1-1945 Fr Yves de Montcheuil (1900-1944) 11-8-1941 Fr Stanislaw Bednarski (1896-1942) 16-7-1942: Dachau Br Antoni Bieganski (1900-1944) 2-8-1944 Fr Antoni Bielen (1880-1939) ?-?-1939 Fr Blazej Blajer (1885-1939) ?-11-1939 Br Jan Binkowski (1867-1941) 22-1-1941: Dachau Br Klemens Bobritzki (1911-1944) 2-8-1944 Fr Bronislaw Franciszek Bojulka (1895-1939) ?-?-1939 Mr Franiszek Bok (1882-1939) 20-10-1939 Mr Jan Borysiak (1914-1939) ?-11-1939 Fr Jan Brodowski (1910-1939) ?-11-1939 Mr Stanislaw Bukowy (1910-1942) 22-12-1942: Dachau Br Józef Cag (1912-1945) 13-5-1945: Grossrosen Fr Józef Cyrek (1904-1940) 2-9-1940: Auschwitz Fr Józef Czudek (1883-1941) 16-2-1941: Dachau Mr Julian Czyzycki (1911-1942) 5-12-1942: Dachau Fr Kazimierz Dembowski (1912-1942) 10-8-1942: Dachau Fr Stanislaw Felczak (1906-1942) 9-5-1942: Dachau Br Józef Fus (1906-1944) 2-8-1944 Mr Bronislaw Gladysz (1913-1942) 6-5-1942: Dachau Br Adarn Glaudam (1863-1944) 2-8-1944 Fr Czeslaw Glowa (1909-1939) ?-11-1939 Fr Józef Golebiowski (1883-1939) 6-10-1939 Fr Zbigniew Grabowski (1916-1944) 2-8-1944 Fr Blazej Jablonski (1871-1942) 11-12-1942 Fr Franciszek Kaluza (1877-1941) 19-1-1941: Dachau Br Stanislaw Komar (1882-1942) 15-7-1942: Dachau Fr Józef Konewecki (1893-1939) ?-11-1939 Fr Edward Jan Kosibowicz (1895-1944) 2-8-1944 Fr Julian Letowski (1907-1941) 4-3-1941: Auschwitz Fr Herman Libinski (1867-1944) 2-8-1944 Br Piotr Ludwikowski (1905-1939) 20-10-1939 Fr Jan Madalinski (1911-1944) 2-8-1944 Fr Michal Malinowski (1887-1942) 13-8-1942: Dachau Fr Marian Józef Wojciech Morawski (1881-1940) ?-?-1940: Auschwitz Fr Henryk Mroczka (1901-1944) 17-8-1944 Mr Jerzy Stanislaw Musial (1919-1945) 9-3-1945: Dachau Fr Antoni Niemancewicz (1893-1943) ?-?-1943: Berlin Br Bernard Nierowisz (1888-1942) 3-8-1942: Auschwitz Br Stanislaw Orzechowski (1904-1944) 2-8-1944 Fr Jan Pawelski (1868-1944) 2-8-1944 Fr Stanislaw Podolenski (1887-1945) 13-1-1945: Dachau Fr Roman Przystas (1908-1942) 29-9-1942: Dachau Br Wladyslaw Racinski (1914-1941) ?-12-1941: Mauthausen Fr Edmund Roszac (1900-1943) 15-7-1943 Fr Czeslaw Sejbuk (1906-1943) 20-4-1943: Dachau Mr Stanislaw Sewillo (1917-1943) 22-3-1943: Dachau Fr Stanislaw Sowa (1886-1944) 13-4-1944 Fr Karol Sudy (1908-1939) ?-11-1939 Br Czeslaw Swiecicki (1912-1944) 2-8-1944 Mr Stefan Szakola (1912-1942) 15-7-1942: Dachau Fr Boleslaw Szopinski (1880-1941) 18-1-1941: Dachau Fr Adam Sztark (1907-1942) 28-12-1942 Mr Wladyslaw Antoni Szulc (1910-1941) 27-2-1941: Dachau Fr Franciszek Szymanyak (1916- 1944) 1-8-1944 Br Stanislaw Tomaszeski (1919-1944) 2-8-1944 Br Henryk Trela (1889-1942) 24-7-1942: Mauthausen Mr Leon Wasckielis (1909-1942) ?-?-1942: Dachau Br Wojciech Watróbski (1917-1939) ?-11-1939 Fr Gabriel Weglinski (1906-1940) ?-?-1940: Mauthausen Fr Wladyslaw Wiacek (1910-1944) 2-8-1944 Mr Bronislaw Wielgosz (1916-1942) 29-4-1942: Dachau Fr Henryk Wilczynski (1915-1944) 2-8-1944 Br Julian Wojkowski (1863-1939) ?-11-1939 Fr Mieczylaw Wroblewski (1912-1944) 2-8-1944 Fr Edmund Leopold Zabek (1902-1939) ?-11-1939 Br Jan Zajak (1911-1945) 12-2-1945: Dachau Br Eugeniusz Zelezniak (1900-1942) 3-3-1942: Dachau Fr Antoni Zwiatopelk-Mirski (1907-1942) 24-12-1942 Fr Prosper Bernard (1902-1943) 18-3-1943: Canada Fr Alphonse Dubé (1891-1943) 18-3-1943: Canada Fr Armand Lalonde (1904-1943) 18-3-1943: Canada

Died in Concentration camps

Indonesia Mr Constantinus Teurlings (1915-1943) 21-2-1943 Fr Theodorus Teppema (1899-1944) 31-1-1944 Fr Hermanus Caminada (1902-1944) 19-4-1944 Fr Joannes van Rijckeworsel (1876-1944) 21-4-1944 Fr Mauritius Timmers (1857-1944) 20-5-1944 Fr Franciscus Sträter (1882-1944) 15-6-1944 Fr Theodorus Cocx (1887-1944) 17-6-1944 Fr Antonius van Hoof (1879-1944) 22-9-1944 Fr Hermanus Jansen (1877-1944) 10-10-1944 Fr Joannes Sevink (1875-1944) 24-12-1944 Fr Joannes Bemdsen (1884-1945) 31-1-1945 Fr Franciscus Oosthout (1875-1945) 16-5-1945 Fr Josephus Wubbe (1886-1945) 1-8-1945 Micronesia Fr Miguel Timoner y Guadera (1892-1944) ?-11-1944 Fr Luis Blanco y Suárez (1896-1945) 15-1-1945 Fr Marino De La Hoz (1886-1945) 15-1-1945 Br Emilio Del Villar y Blázquez (1893-1945) 15-1-1945 Fr Bernardo de la Espriella y Mosquera (1890-1945) Fr Elías Fernández González (1880-) Br Francisco Hernández y Escudero (1887-)

Victims of post-World War II Communist regimes

Fr Daniel Dajani (1906-1946) 4-3-1946: Albania Fr Giovanni Fausti (1899-1946) 4-3-1946: Albania Br Gjon Pantaljia (1887-1947) 31-1--1947: Albania Fr Ndoc (Antonio) Saraci (1875-1947) 3-5-1947: Albania Fr Zef Saraci (1884-1954) 16-9-1954: Albania Fr Antonín Zgarbíik (1913-1965) 22-1-1965: Bohemia Mr Izidor Bistrovic (1949-1969) 4-12-1969: Croatia Fr Franjo Bortas (1903-1947) 7-6-1947: Croatia Fr Josip Müller (1893-1945) 28-11-1945: Croatia Fr Peter Perica (1881-1944) 25-10-1944: Croatia Fr Joze Bric (1907-1945) 21-11-1945: Slovenia Bp Lambert Ehrlich (1878-1942) 26-5-1942: Slovenia Fr Martin Meglik (1871-1945) 22-2-1945: Slovenia Fr Benjamin Jakab (1903-1950) 5-7-1950: Hungary Fr Ferenc Kajdi (1884- 1945?) ?-?-1945: Hungary Fr Antal Laskay (1909-1945?) ?-?-1945? Fr Józef Vid (1898-1952) 18-10-1952: Hungary Fr Benediktas Andruska (1884-1951) ?-?-1941: Lithuania Fr Joannes Peeperkorn (1898-1947?) ?-?-1947: Lithuania Fr Jazeps Püdans (1903-1942) 15-6-1942: Lithuania Fr Tadeusz Chabrowski (1909-1941) 9-1-1941: Poland Fr Alfons Czyzewski (1897-1953) 16-11-1953: Poland Br Kajetan Górski (1879-1942) ?-?-1942: Poland Fr Antoni Grzybowski (1904-1943) 20-10-1943: Poland Fr Jan Haniewski (1873-1942) ?-2-1942: Poland Br Jakub Jagusz (1872-1942) ?-7-1942: Poland Fr Kazimierz Konopka (1879-1941) 26-6-1941: Poland Fr Mariusz Skibniewski (1881-1939) 28-9-1939: Poland Fr Stanislaw Wnek (1859-1944) 27-4-1944: Poland Fr Waclaw Zaborowski (1904-1958) 14-5-1958: Poland Fr Cornel Chira (1904-1953) 20-8-1953: Romania Mr Xavier Robert (1912-?) ?-?-?: China Fr Beda Chang (Tsan-) Cheng-Min (1905-1951) 11-11-1951: China Fr Joseph Hu Shih-Chao (1908-?) ?-?-?: China Fr Andrés Li Shu-Pei (1913-?) ?-?-?: China Fr Peter T'Ang Kai-Shan (1906-1957) ?-?-1957: China Fr Louis Téteau (1874-1952) 4-5-1952: China Fr Antony Wang Che(1912-1953) 17-9-1953: China Br Laurentius Chin Lin-Shen (1915-?) ?-?-?: China Fr Chrysostomus Chang Szu-Ch'Ien (1910-1961?) ?-?-1961?: China Fr Petrus Chang Chin-Shan (1903-1967) ?-?-1967: China Fr Stephanus Chou Ju-Yüe (1901-1966?) ?-?-1966?: China Fr Aloysius Chu Kuang-Chung (1906-1968) ?-?-1968: China Fr Paulus Cheng Wei-Hsien (1903-1970?) ?-?-1970? : China Fr Francis-Xavier Chu Shu-Teh (1913-1983) 28-12-1983: China Fr Josephus Hsü Ching-Fang (1914-?) ?-?-?: China Br Laurentius Ts'Ao Chin-Teh (1893-?) China

Victims of dictatorial regimes or social movements

Fr Luis Espinal Camps (1932-1980) 22-3-1980: Bolivia Fr João Bosco Penido Burnier (1917-1976) 12-10-1976: Brazil Br Vicente Cañas Costa (1939-1987) 6-4-1987: Brazil Fr Sergio Restrepo Jaramillo (1939-1989) 1-6-1989: Colombia Fr Rutilio Grande García (1928-1977) 12-3-1977: El Salvador Fr Ignacio Ellacuría Beascoechea (1930-1989) 16-11-1989: El Salvador Fr Amando López Quintana (1936-1989) 16-11-1989: El Salvador Fr Joaquín López y López (1918-1989) 16-11-1989: El Salvador Fr Ignacio Martín Baró (1942-1989) 16-11-1989: El Salvador Fr Segundo Montes Mozo (1933-1989) 16-11-1989: El Salvador Fr Juan Ramón Moreno Pardo (1933-1989) 16-11-1989: El Salvador Fr Carlos Pérez Alonso (1936-1981?) 2-8-1981?: Guatemala Fr Bernard Darke (1925-1979) 14-7-1979: Guyana Fr Godofredo Atingal (1922-1981) 13-4-1981: Philippines Br Nicolas De Glos (1911-1976) 23-5-1976: Chad Br Alfredo Pérez Lobato (1937-1973) 1-12-1973: Chad Br John Joseph Conway (1920-1977) 6-2-1977: Zimbabue Fr Desmond Donovan (1927-1978?) 15?-1?-1978? : Zimbabue Br Bernhard Lisson (1909-1978) 27-6-1978: Zimbabue Fr Gerhard Pieper (1940-1978) 26-12-1978: Zimbabue Fr Gregor Richert (1930-1978) 27-6-1978: Zimbabue Fr Christopher Shepherd-Smith (1943-1977) 6-2-1977: Zimbabue Fr Martin Thomas (1932-1977) 6-2-1977: Zimbabue Fr Silvio Alvés Moreira (1941-1985) 30-10-1985: Mozambique Fr João de Deus Gonçalves Kamtedza (1930-1985) 30-10-1985: Mozambique Fr Raymond A. Adams (1935-1989) 12-11-1989: Ghana Fr Jean de Boisséson (1910-1988) 29-5-1988: Madagascar Fr Patrick Gahizi (1946-1994) 7-4-1994: Ruanda Fr Chrysologue Mahame (1927-1994) 7-4-1994: Ruanda Fr Innocent Rutagambwa (1948-1994) 7-4-1994: Ruanda Bp Christophe Munzihirwa Mwene Ngabo (1926-1996) 29-10-1996: Zaire Fr Alban De Jerphanion (1901-1976) 14-3-1976: Lebanon Fr Louis Dumas (1901-1975) 25-10-1975: Lebanon Fr Nicolas Kluiters (1940-1985) 14-3-1985: Lebanon Fr André Masse (1940-1987) 24-9-1987: Lebanon Mr Richard Michael Fernando (1970-1996) 17-10-1996: Cambodia Fr Thomas Anchanikal (1951-1997) 27-10-1997: India Fr Thomas E. Gafney (1932-1997) 14-12-1997: India Fr Mathew Mannaparambil (1938-1980) 7-3-1980: India Fr Francis Louis Martinsek (1912-1979) 24-3-1979: India Fr Herman Rasschaert (1922-1964) 24-3-1964: India Fr Eugene John Hebert (1923-1990) 15-8-1990: Sri Lanka Fr Tarcisio Dewanto 1965-1999 9-9-99: Dili, East Timor Fr Karl Albrecht 1929-1999 11-9-99: East Timor

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Catholic Martyrs of the Holocaust

Catholic Martyrs of the Holocaust

-- By the Rev. Vincent A. Lapomarda, S.J.

o Blessed Teresa Bracco (1924-1944) -- Italian Citizen (Santa Giulia).
o Blessed Titus Brandsma (1881-1942) -- Carmelite priest (Dachau).
o Blessed Marcel Callo (1921-1945) -- Jocist layman (Mathausen).
o Blessed Jozef Cebula(1902-1941) -- Oblate priest (Mathausen)
o Blessed Stefan Wicenty Frelichowski (1913-1945) -- Polish pastor (Dachau)
o Blessed Jakob Gapp (1897-1943) -- Marianist priest (Ploetzensee).
o Blessed Nikolaus Gross (1898-1945) -- Lay editor (Ploetzensee).
o Blessed Franz Jagerstatter (1907-1943) -- Austrian Conscientious Objector
o Blessed Jozef Jankowski (1910-1941) -- Pallotine priest (Auschwitz)
o Blessed Hilary Januszewski (1907-1945) -- Carmelite priest (Dachau)
o Blessed Helene Kafka (1894-1943) -- Franciscan nun (Vienna).
o Saint Maximilian Kolbe (1894-1941) -- Franciscan priest (Auschwitz).
o Blessed Alice Kotowska (1900-1939) -- Resurrection nun who helped Jews (forest of Piasnicy).
o Blessed Michal Kozal (1893-1943) -- Polish bishop (Dachau).
o Blessed Karl Leisner (1915-1945) -- German priest (Dachau).
o Blessed Bernhard Lichtenberg (1875-1943) -- German monsignor (Dachau).
o Blessed Alphonsus Mary Mazurek (1891-1944) -- Polish Carmelite (Nawojowa Gora)
o Blessed Otto Neururer (1882-1940) -- Austrian priest (Buchenwald).
o Blessed Anastazy Jakub Pankiewicz (1882-1942) -- Franciscan priest (Dachau)
o Blessed Julia Rodzinska (1899-1944) -- Dominican nun (Stutthof)
o Blessed Jozef Stanek (1916-1944) -- Pallotine priest (Warsaw)
o Blessed Boleslaw Strzelecki (1896-1941) -- priest of Radom (Auschwitz)
o Saint Edith Stein (1891-1942) -- Carmelite nun (Auschwitz). On the same day of her death, August 9, 1942, there also perished at Auschwitz Rosa Stein (1883-1942), her sister, and six members of the Loeb Family all Trappists (three nuns, two priests, and one brother).
o 108 Polish Martyrs of World War II (1939-1945): Among them were Anton Julian Nowowiejski (1858-1941), an aged archbishop who died in the German death camp at Dzialdowo, where he refused to step on a crucifix; Henryk Kaczorowski (1888-1942), seminary rector at Wloclawek; Ewa Noiszewka (1885-1942) and Marta Wolowska (1879-1942), two Sisters of the Immaculate Conception who were executed at Gora Pietrelewicka in Slonim for hiding Jewish childlren; and Maria Anna Biernacka (1888-1943), one of nine lay persons (she was a benefactress of the Redemptorists in Warsaw) who chose to be executed (she was shot on 13 July 1943 near Grodno) to save her unborn grand child. These were beatified along with George Kaszyra (1904-1943) and Anthony Leszczewicz (1890-1943), Marian priests, (they perished among some 1,500 victims burned alive by the Nazis in Roscia, Belarus, on 17-18 February 1943), whose causes had been opened, on 26 January 1992 in Poland. On June 13, 1999,Pope John Paul II beatified them (including two other bishops, Wladyslaw Goral (1898-1945) and Leon Wetmanski (1886-1941) and many priests, like Jozef Pawlowski (1890-1942) of Kielce who was executed by hanging in Dachau where he had been jailed for helping Jews and Zygmunt Pisarski (1902-1943) in Lublin, who was shot for risking his life to save communists from death; and religious, among them Capuchins like Anciet Koplinski (1875-1941); Franciscans like Bruno Zembol (1905-1942), and Salesians like Jozef Kowalski (1911-1942), who died at Auschwitz, not to mention nuns like Maria Antonina Kratochwil (1881-1942), a member of the School Sisters of Notre Dame (she helped Jewish girls in prison), and Maria Klemensa Staszewska (1890-1943), executed at Auschwitz because she hid Jewish girls in a convent. While fifteen of those victims were martyred at Auschwitz and forty-three at Dachau, among the others beatified were also five young Catholic men, The Martyrs of Poznan, who were associated with the Salesians were beheaded at Dresden for their part in resistance activities: Czeslaw Jozwiak (1919-1942), Edward Kazmierski (1919-1942), Edward Klinik (1919-1942), Franciszek Kesy (1920-1942), and Jarogniew Wojciechowski (1922-1942). Although at least eighty Polish Jesuits were martyred by the Nazis, none was included among the thirty-three religious beatified that day. However, it is expected that they will be included in a special ceremony at a future date when the preparation of their causes is concluded.
o Blessed Emilian Kovtch (1884-1944), a priest from the Ukrainian Eparchy of Stanislaviv (Ivano-Frankivsk) who died in ovens of Majdanek (Poland) concentration camp, as a victim of the Nazis in 1944, was beatified by Pope John Paul II on his trip to the Ukraine in June 2001.

http://www.holycross.edu/departments/history/vlapomar/hiatt/martyrs.htm